HOUSE BILL 598
51st legislature - STATE OF NEW MEXICO - first session, 2013
INTRODUCED BY
Antonio "Moe" Maestas
AN ACT
RELATING TO CRIMINAL RECORDS; ENACTING THE CRIMINAL RECORD EXPUNGEMENT ACT; CODIFYING AUTHORITY TO EXPUNGE A CRIMINAL RECORD.
BE IT ENACTED BY THE LEGISLATURE OF THE STATE OF NEW MEXICO:
SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.--This act may be cited as the "Criminal Record Expungement Act".
SECTION 2. DEFINITIONS.--As used in the Criminal Record Expungement Act:
A. "arrest records" means records of identification of a person under arrest or under investigation for a crime, taken or gathered by an official; "arrest records" includes information gathered from the national crime information center or another criminal record database, photographs, fingerprints and booking sheets; except "arrest records" does not include:
(1) driving while intoxicated citations maintained by the taxation and revenue department;
(2) computer-aided dispatch information; or
(3) log books relating to breath alcohol testing equipment;
B. "expunge" means to remove a notation of an arrest placed on an accused's state record or federal bureau of investigation record and to destroy or otherwise remove from public access the court records that contain any reference to or record of the proceeding; and
C. "public records" means documentation relating to a person's arrest, indictment, proceeding, finding or plea of guilty, conviction, acquittal, dismissal or discharge, including information posted on a court or law enforcement web site; but "public records" does not include:
(1) arrest record information that:
(a) reveals confidential sources, methods, information or individuals accused but not charged with a crime and that is maintained by the state or any of its political subdivisions pertaining to any person charged with the commission of any crime; or
(b) is confidential and unlawful to disseminate or reveal, except as provided in the Arrest Record Information Act or other law;
(2) the file of a district attorney or attorney general maintained as a confidential record for law enforcement purposes and not open for inspection by members of the public; or
(3) a record maintained by the children, youth and families department, the human services department or the public education department when that record is confidential under state or federal law and is required to be maintained by state or federal law for audit or other purposes.
SECTION 3. EXPUNGEMENT OF RECORDS UPON IDENTITY THEFT OR WRONGFUL CHARGE.--
A. A person who is a victim of identity theft or is wrongfully arrested, indicted or charged for any crime may petition the district court to expunge all arrest records and public records.
B. After a hearing on the petition and upon a showing by the person that the person is a victim of identity theft or was wrongfully arrested, indicted or charged, the court shall issue an order within thirty days with accompanying justification requiring that all arrest records and public records be expunged and shall cause a copy of the order to be delivered to all relevant law enforcement agencies and courts. The order shall prohibit all relevant law enforcement agencies and courts from releasing copies of such records to any person, except upon order of the court.
SECTION 4. EXPUNGEMENT OF RECORDS UPON RELEASE WITHOUT CONVICTION.--
A. A person who was released without conviction for a violation of a municipal ordinance, misdemeanor or felony may petition the district court for an order to expunge arrest records and public records. The court shall order arrest records and public records to be expunged within thirty days of the petition if it finds that no other charge or proceeding is pending against the accused and if the person was released without a conviction, including:
(1) an acquittal or finding of not guilty;
(2) a nolle prosequi, a no bill or a dismissal other than a dismissal pursuant to Section 31-20-9 NMSA 1978;
(3) a referral to a pre-prosecution diversion program; or
(4) the proceedings were otherwise discharged.
B. The court's order shall require that all arrest records and public records be expunged and shall cause a copy of the order to be delivered to all relevant law enforcement agencies and courts. The order shall prohibit all relevant law enforcement agencies and courts from releasing copies of such records to any person, except upon order of the court.
SECTION 5. EXPUNGEMENT OF RECORDS UPON CONVICTION.--
A. A person who was convicted of a misdemeanor, violation of municipal ordinance or felony but who has had no other conviction after completion of the sentence and the payment of any fines and fees owed to the state for the original conviction may petition the district court within the time periods provided for in this section for an order to expunge arrest and public records. Upon a finding that justice will be served upon an order to expunge, and except as provided in Subsection B of this section, the court shall order arrest records and public records to be expunged within thirty days of the petition if it finds that no other charge or proceeding is pending and:
(1) for a nonviolent misdemeanor conviction, three years have passed;
(2) for a violent misdemeanor conviction, five years have passed;
(3) for a nonviolent felony, seven years have passed; or
(4) for all other felony convictions, ten years have passed.
B. Records shall not be expunged for convictions for:
(1) offenses involving the use of a deadly weapon;
(2) embezzlement;
(3) driving while under the influence of intoxicating liquor or drugs; or
(4) an offense that requires registration under the Sex Offender Registration and Notification Act.
C. The court's order shall require that all arrest records and public records be expunged and shall cause a copy of the order to be delivered to all relevant law enforcement agencies and courts. The order shall prohibit all relevant law enforcement agencies and courts from releasing copies of such records to any person, except upon order of the court.
SECTION 6. NOTICES--RULEMAKING.--The administrative office of the courts and the department of public safety shall develop rules and procedures to implement the Criminal Record Expungement Act, including procedures for notifying the accused of the accused's rights under that act.
SECTION 7. EFFECT OF AN EXPUNGEMENT ORDER.--
A. Upon entry of an expungement order, the proceedings shall be treated as if they never occurred, and officials and the person who received the expungement order may reply to an inquiry that no record exists with respect to the person. This section does not affect or otherwise infringe upon the expungement provisions of Section 29-3-8.1 NMSA 1978.
B. For purposes of the Criminal Sentencing Act, an expunged proceeding shall not be used to establish duties of a district attorney or law enforcement officer with regard to an habitual offender or the fact of a previous conviction.
SECTION 8. EFFECTIVE DATE.--The effective date of the provisions of this act is January 1, 2014.