HB0457

HOUSE BILL 457

51st legislature - STATE OF NEW MEXICO - first session, 2013

INTRODUCED BY

Paul A. Pacheco

AN ACT

RELATING TO CRIMINAL LAW; INCREASING PENALTIES FOR CRIMES COMMITTED AGAINST CHILDREN.

BE IT ENACTED BY THE LEGISLATURE OF THE STATE OF NEW MEXICO:

SECTION 1. Section 30-6-1 NMSA 1978 (being Laws 1973, Chapter 360, Section 10, as amended) is amended to read:

"30-6-1. ABANDONMENT OR ABUSE OF A CHILD.--

A. As used in this section:

(1) "child" means a person who is [less] younger than eighteen years of age;

(2) "neglect" means that a child is without proper parental care and control of subsistence, education, medical or other care or control necessary for the child's well-being because of the faults or habits of the child's parents, guardian or custodian or their neglect or refusal, when able to do so, to provide them; and

(3) "negligently" refers to criminal negligence and means that a person knew or should have known of the danger involved and acted with a reckless disregard for the safety or health of the child.

B. Abandonment of a child consists of the parent, guardian or custodian of a child intentionally leaving or abandoning the child under circumstances whereby the child may or does suffer neglect. A person who commits abandonment of a child is guilty of a misdemeanor, unless the abandonment results in the child's death or great bodily harm, in which case the person is guilty of a second degree felony.

C. A parent, guardian or custodian who leaves an infant [less] younger than ninety days old in compliance with the Safe Haven for Infants Act shall not be prosecuted for abandonment of a child.

D. Abuse of a child consists of a person knowingly, intentionally or negligently, and without justifiable cause, causing or permitting a child to be:

(1) placed in a situation that may endanger the child's life or health;

(2) tortured, cruelly confined or cruelly punished; or

(3) exposed to the inclemency of the weather.

E. A person who commits negligent abuse of a child that does not result in the child's death or great bodily harm is, for a first offense, guilty of a third degree felony and for a second and subsequent [offenses is] offense, guilty of a second degree felony. If the abuse results in great bodily harm to the child, the person is guilty of a first degree felony.

F. A person who commits negligent abuse of a child that results in the death of the child is guilty of a first degree felony.

[G. A person who commits intentional abuse of a child twelve to eighteen years of age that results in the death of the child is guilty of a first degree felony.]

G. A person who commits intentional abuse of a child that does not result in the child's death or great bodily harm is, for a first offense, guilty of a second degree felony and for a second and subsequent offense, guilty of a first degree felony. If the abuse results in great bodily harm to the child, the person is guilty of a first degree felony.

H. A person who commits intentional abuse of a child [less than twelve years of age] that results in the death of the child is guilty of a first degree felony resulting in the death of a child.

I. Evidence that demonstrates that a child has been knowingly, intentionally or negligently allowed to enter or remain in a motor vehicle, building or any other premises that contains chemicals and equipment used or intended for use in the manufacture of a controlled substance shall be deemed prima facie evidence of abuse of the child.

J. Evidence that demonstrates that a child has been knowingly and intentionally exposed to the use of methamphetamine shall be deemed prima facie evidence of abuse of the child.

K. A person who leaves an infant [less] younger than ninety days old at a hospital may be prosecuted for abuse of the infant for actions of the person occurring before the infant was left at the hospital."

SECTION 2. Section 30-9-11 NMSA 1978 (being Laws 1975, Chapter 109, Section 2, as amended) is amended to read:

"30-9-11. CRIMINAL SEXUAL PENETRATION.--

A. Criminal sexual penetration is the unlawful and intentional causing of a person to engage in sexual intercourse, cunnilingus, fellatio or anal intercourse or the causing of penetration, to any extent and with any object, of the genital or anal openings of another, whether or not there is any emission.

B. Criminal sexual penetration does not include medically indicated procedures.

C. Aggravated criminal sexual penetration consists of all criminal sexual penetration perpetrated on a child [under] younger than thirteen years of age with an intent to kill or with a depraved mind regardless of human life. Whoever commits aggravated criminal sexual penetration is guilty of a first degree felony for aggravated criminal sexual penetration.

D. Criminal sexual penetration in the first degree consists of all criminal sexual penetration perpetrated:

(1) on a child [under] younger than thirteen years of age; or

(2) by the use of force or coercion that results in great bodily harm or great mental anguish to the victim.

Whoever commits criminal sexual penetration in the first degree is guilty of a first degree felony.

E. Criminal sexual penetration in the second degree consists of all criminal sexual penetration perpetrated:

(1) by the use of force or coercion on a child thirteen to eighteen years of age;

(2) on a child thirteen to eighteen years of age when the perpetrator is in a position of authority over the child and uses this authority to coerce the child to submit;

[(2)] (3) on an inmate confined in a correctional facility or jail when the perpetrator is in a position of authority over the inmate;

[(3)] (4) by the use of force or coercion that results in personal injury to the victim;

[(4)] (5) by the use of force or coercion when the perpetrator is aided or abetted by one or more persons;

[(5)] (6) in the commission of any other felony; or

[(6)] (7) when the perpetrator is armed with a deadly weapon.

Whoever commits criminal sexual penetration in the second degree is guilty of a second degree felony. Whoever commits criminal sexual penetration in the second degree when the victim is a child who is thirteen to eighteen years of age is guilty of a second degree felony for a sexual offense against a child and, notwithstanding the provisions of Section 31-18-15 NMSA 1978, shall be sentenced to a minimum term of imprisonment of three years, which shall not be suspended or deferred. The imposition of a minimum, mandatory term of imprisonment pursuant to the provisions of this subsection shall not be interpreted to preclude the imposition of sentencing enhancements pursuant to the provisions of the Criminal Sentencing Act.

F. Criminal sexual penetration in the third degree consists of all criminal sexual penetration perpetrated through the use of force or coercion not otherwise specified in this section.

Whoever commits criminal sexual penetration in the third degree is guilty of a third degree felony.

G. Criminal sexual penetration in the fourth degree consists of all criminal sexual penetration:

(1) not defined in Subsections D through F of this section perpetrated on a child thirteen to sixteen years of age when the perpetrator is [at least] eighteen years of age or older and is at least four years older than the child and not the spouse of that child; or

(2) perpetrated on a child thirteen to eighteen years of age when the perpetrator, who is a licensed school employee, an unlicensed school employee, a school contract employee, a school health service provider or a school volunteer, and who is [at least] eighteen years of age or older and is at least four years older than the child and not the spouse of that child, learns while performing services in or for a school that the child is a student in a school.

Whoever commits criminal sexual penetration in the fourth degree is guilty of a fourth degree felony."

SECTION 3. Section 30-9-13 NMSA 1978 (being Laws 1975, Chapter 109, Section 4, as amended) is amended to read:

"30-9-13. CRIMINAL SEXUAL CONTACT OF A MINOR.--

A. Criminal sexual contact of a minor is the unlawful and intentional touching of or applying force to the intimate parts of a minor or the unlawful and intentional causing of a minor to touch one's intimate parts. For the purposes of this section, "intimate parts" means the primary genital area, groin, buttocks, anus or breast.

B. Criminal sexual contact of a minor in the second degree consists of all criminal sexual contact of the unclothed intimate parts of a minor perpetrated:

(1) on a child [under] younger than thirteen years of age; or

(2) on a child thirteen to eighteen years of age when:

(a) the perpetrator is in a position of authority over the child and uses that authority to coerce the child to submit;

(b) the perpetrator uses force or coercion [that results in personal injury to the child];

(d) the perpetrator is armed with a deadly weapon.

Whoever commits criminal sexual contact of a minor in the second degree is guilty of a second degree felony for a sexual offense against a child and, notwithstanding the provisions of Section 31-18-15 NMSA 1978, shall be sentenced to a minimum term of imprisonment of three years, which shall not be suspended or deferred. The imposition of a minimum, mandatory term of imprisonment pursuant to the provisions of this subsection shall not be interpreted to preclude the imposition of sentencing enhancements pursuant to the provisions of Sections 31-18-17, 31-18-25 and 31-18-26 NMSA 1978.

C. Criminal sexual contact of a minor in the third degree consists of all criminal sexual contact of a minor perpetrated:

(1) on a child [under] younger than thirteen years of age; or

(2) on a child thirteen to eighteen years of age when:

(a) the perpetrator is in a position of authority over the child and uses this authority to coerce the child to submit;

(b) the perpetrator uses force or coercion [which results in personal injury to the child];

(d) the perpetrator is armed with a deadly weapon.

Whoever commits criminal sexual contact of a minor in the third degree is guilty of a third degree felony for a sexual offense against a child.

D. Criminal sexual contact of a minor in the fourth degree consists of all criminal sexual contact [(1)] not defined in Subsection C of this section, of a child thirteen to [eighteen] sixteen years of age [perpetrated with force or coercion; or

(2) of a minor perpetrated on a child thirteen to eighteen years of age when the perpetrator, who is a licensed school employee, an unlicensed school employee, a school contract employee, a school health service provider or a school volunteer, and who is at least eighteen years of age and is at least four years older than the child and not the spouse of that child, learns while performing services in or for a school that the child is a student in a school] when the perpetrator is eighteen years of age or older and at least four years older than the child and not the spouse of the child.

Whoever commits criminal sexual contact in the fourth degree is guilty of a fourth degree felony."

SECTION 4. Section 30-9-14.3 NMSA 1978 (being Laws 1996, Chapter 84, Section 2) is amended to read:

"30-9-14.3. AGGRAVATED INDECENT EXPOSURE.--

A. Aggravated indecent exposure consists of a person knowingly and intentionally exposing [his] the person's primary genital area to:

(1) a child younger than eighteen years of age, in a lewd and lascivious manner, when the perpetrator is eighteen years of age or older and is at least four years older than the child and not the spouse of that child; or

(2) public view in a lewd and lascivious manner, with the intent to threaten or intimidate another person, while committing one or more of the following [acts or] criminal offenses:

[(1) exposure to a child less than eighteen years of age;

(2)] (a) assault, as provided in Section 30-3-1 NMSA 1978;

[(3)] (b) aggravated assault, as provided in Section 30-3-2 NMSA 1978;

[(4)] (c) assault with intent to commit a violent felony, as provided in Section 30-3-3 NMSA 1978;

[(5)] (d) battery, as provided in Section 30-3-4 NMSA 1978;

[(6)] (e) aggravated battery, as provided in Section 30-3-5 NMSA 1978;

[(7)] (f) criminal sexual penetration, as provided in Section 30-9-11 NMSA 1978; or

[(8)] (g) abuse of a child, as provided in Section 30-6-1 NMSA 1978.

B. As used in this section, "primary genital area" means the mons pubis, penis, testicles, mons veneris, vulva or vagina.

C. Whoever commits aggravated indecent exposure is guilty of a fourth degree felony. Whoever commits aggravated indecent exposure to a child younger than eighteen years of age is guilty of a third degree felony.

D. In addition to any punishment provided pursuant to the provisions of this section, the court shall order a person convicted for committing aggravated indecent exposure to participate in and complete a program of professional counseling at [his] the person's own expense."

SECTION 5. Section 66-8-101 NMSA 1978 (being Laws 1978, Chapter 35, Section 509, as amended) is amended to read:

"66-8-101. HOMICIDE BY VEHICLE--GREAT BODILY HARM BY VEHICLE.--

A. Homicide by vehicle is the killing of a human being in the unlawful operation of a motor vehicle.

B. Great bodily harm by vehicle is the injuring of a human being, to the extent defined in Section 30-1-12 NMSA 1978, in the unlawful operation of a motor vehicle.

C. A person who commits homicide by vehicle or great bodily harm by vehicle while under the influence of intoxicating liquor or while under the influence of any drug or while violating Section 66-8-113 NMSA 1978, provided that violation of speeding laws as set forth in the Motor Vehicle Code shall not per se be a basis for violation of Section 66-8-113 NMSA 1978, is guilty of:

(1) a third degree felony and shall be sentenced pursuant to the provisions of Section 31-18-15 NMSA 1978 [provided that violation of speeding laws as set forth in the Motor Vehicle Code shall not per se be a basis for violation of Section 66-8-113 NMSA 1978]; or

(2) if the homicide or great bodily harm is to a child younger than thirteen years of age, a second degree felony and shall be sentenced pursuant to the provisions of Section 31-18-15 NMSA 1978.

D. A person who commits homicide by vehicle or great bodily harm by vehicle while under the influence of intoxicating liquor or while under the influence of any drug, as provided in Subsection C of this section, and who has incurred a prior DWI conviction within ten years of the occurrence for which [he] the person is being sentenced under this section shall have [his] the person's basic sentence increased by four years for each prior DWI conviction.

E. For the purposes of this section, "prior DWI conviction" means:

(1) a prior conviction under Section 66-8-102 NMSA 1978; or

(2) a prior conviction in New Mexico or any other jurisdiction, territory or possession of the United States, including a tribal jurisdiction, when the criminal act is driving under the influence of alcohol or drugs.

F. A person who willfully operates a motor vehicle in violation of Subsection C of Section 30-22-1 NMSA 1978 and directly or indirectly causes the death of or great bodily harm to a human being:

(1) thirteen years of age or older, is guilty of a third degree felony and shall be sentenced pursuant to the provisions of Section 31-18-15 NMSA 1978; or

(2) younger than thirteen years of age, is guilty of a second degree felony and shall be sentenced pursuant to the provisions of Section 31-18-15 NMSA 1978.

G. The provisions of this section shall not be interpreted to prevent a person from being charged with intentional or negligent child abuse."

SECTION 6. EFFECTIVE DATE.--The effective date of the provisions of this act is July 1, 2013.

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