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SPONSOR: |
Aragon |
DATE TYPED: |
03/08/03 |
HB |
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SHORT TITLE: |
Net Metering for Electricity Self-generation |
SB |
686 |
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ANALYST: |
Valenzuela |
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APPROPRIATION
Appropriation
Contained |
Estimated
Additional Impact |
Recurring or
Non-Rec |
Fund Affected |
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FY03 |
FY04 |
FY03 |
FY04 |
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NFI |
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(Parenthesis
( ) Indicate Expenditure Decreases)
Responses
Received From
Office
of the Attorney General
Public
Regulation Commission (PRC)
Energy,
Minerals and Natural Resources Department (EMNRD)
SUMMARY
Synopsis
of Bill
Senate Bill 686 amends the Public Utility Act to require utilities to offer net metering to all customers who self-generate electricity. The bill requires use of a single meter capable of registering flow in both directions. If electricity used in a billing period exceeds electricity generated, the self-generator will be billed for the net difference at the same rate as other customers in the same rate class. If electricity generated exceeds electricity used, the self-generator will be billed for the customer charge and the net difference will be reflected as a kilowatt-hour credit on the customer’s bill for the next billing period. On January 1 of each year, any kilowatt-hour credit to a self-generator will be reduced to zero without compensation or credit.
Significant
Issues
Net metering
regulations exist in New Mexico (see 17.9.571 NMAC); however, there is no specific
law that enacts net metering. The PRC
promulgated net metering regulations based on its statutory authority through
the Public Regulation Commission Act and the New Mexico Public Utility
Act. SB686 would require modification
of the existing regulations by requiring the PRC to adopt rules in June 2003
and enforce them. In general, SB686
would allow net metering grid interconnections that are more economically
favorable to utility customers than are now possible under existing law.
The existing regulations
have a maximum system capacity requirement of 10 kiloWatts (kW). SB686 does not specify a maximum capacity
(see Conflicts).
The existing regulations allow utilities to use their own energy rate
for crediting net metering customers for any electricity generated in excess of
the customer’s monthly usage. The utility energy rate is less than the retail
rate applied to customer billing. SB686
would require utilities to credit net metering customers at the same rate as
they are billed, which acts as a stronger incentive for customer-generated
renewable energy production.
Under certain
conditions of the existing regulations, net metering customers must
additionally pay for or conduct activities for billing charges, metering
equipment, standards compliance, testing, controls, and liability insurance.
SB686 prohibits utilities from taking the following actions:
FISCAL IMPLICATIONS
Senate Bill 686 does
not contain an appropriation. The PRC reports that the bill will decrease the
kilowatt hours utilities sell, which could have an impact on gross receipts tax and on fee paid by
utilities under Section 63-7-20, Utility and Carrier Inspection Fees and under
Section 62-8-8, Inspection and Supervision Fees. However, until the market for
self generation of electricity grows, the amount is not likely to be
significant.
CONFLICT
The Attorney General
reports the following conflicts:
Public Utility Act. The bill assumes the Public Utility Act will remain in effect. Currently, the Act will sunset July 1, 2003, although various bills have been introduced to repeal the sunset.
NMAC §17.10.571. Net metering is currently governed by New Mexico Administrative Code §17.10.571 (NMPRC Rule 571), which was promulgated under existing sections of the Public Utility Act and the Public Regulations Commission Act. Rule 571 limits net metering to “qualifying facilities,” defined as a cogeneration or small power production facility which has a maximum design capacity of 10kW and meets the criteria for qualification contained in 18 C.F.R. §292.203. It allows different meters to be used to measure use and generation, which is necessary if the self-generator is billed under a rate structure that includes time-of-use energy pricing.
Rule 571 allows the use
of the net kilowatt-hour credit method, as required in HB 686, but provides
that unused credits shall be carried forward from month to month with no
zeroing out and also provides that when a customer leaves the system, unused
kilowatt-hour credits shall be paid to the customer at the utility’s energy rate. Additionally, the rule allows the utility
the option of crediting or paying the customer on the next bill for the net
energy supplied at the utility’s energy rate.
The rule requires a
separate load break disconnect switch except that the meter itself may in some
instances, be used as a visible means of disconnecting single-phase
photovoltaic facilities. It also
provides that the utility may require, with PRC approval, an isolation
transformer for interconnection of facilities other than single phase photovoltaic
facilities. Additionally, the PRC may
require a customer to obtain general liability insurance. None of these safeguards appear to be
permitted under the bill.