46th legislature - STATE OF NEW MEXICO - first session, 2003

RELATING TO LAW ENFORCEMENT; ENACTING THE LAW ENFORCEMENT SAFE PURSUIT ACT; REQUIRING TRAINING AND POLICY FORMULATION REGARDING HIGH SPEED PURSUITS; CREATING THE CRIME OF AGGRAVATED FLEEING A LAW ENFORCEMENT OFFICER.

BE IT ENACTED BY THE LEGISLATURE OF THE STATE OF NEW MEXICO:

Section 1. [NEW MATERIAL] SHORT TITLE.--Sections 1 through 4 of this act may be cited as the "Law Enforcement Safe Pursuit Act".

Section 2. [NEW MATERIAL] DEFINITION.--As used in the Law Enforcement Safe Pursuit Act, "high speed pursuit" means an attempt by a law enforcement officer in an authorized emergency vehicle to apprehend an occupant of a motor vehicle, the driver of which is actively attempting to avoid apprehension by exceeding the speed limit.

Section 3. [NEW MATERIAL] POLICE TRAINING.--

A. No later than December 31, 2004, the New Mexico law enforcement academy board shall develop and incorporate into the basic law enforcement training required pursuant to the Law Enforcement Training Act a course of instruction of at least sixteen hours concerning the safe initiation and conduct of high speed pursuits.

B. The course of instruction shall emphasize the importance of protecting the public at all times and the need to balance the known offense and risk posed by a fleeing suspect against the danger to law enforcement officers and other people by initiating a high speed pursuit.

C. The course of instruction shall include adequate consideration of each of the following subjects:

(1) when to initiate a high speed pursuit;

(2) when to terminate a high speed pursuit;

(3) evaluating risks due to conditions of the vehicle, driver, roadway, weather and traffic during a high speed pursuit;

(4) evaluating dangers to uninvolved motorists and bystanders during a high speed pursuit;

(5) the number of law enforcement units permitted to participate in the high speed pursuit;

(6) the responsibilities of primary, secondary and supervisory law enforcement units during a high speed pursuit;

(7) proper communication and coordination procedures when a high speed pursuit enters another law enforcement agency's jurisdiction, including a tribal jurisdiction;

(8) driving tactics during a high speed pursuit;

(9) communications during a high speed pursuit;

(10) capture of suspects following a high speed pursuit;

(11) supervisory responsibilities during a high speed pursuit;

(12) use of blocking, ramming, boxing and roadblocks as high speed pursuit tactics;

(13) use of alternative methods and technologies for apprehending suspects during a high speed pursuit; and

(14) preparing a report and evaluation and analysis of a high speed pursuit after it has concluded.

D. The New Mexico law enforcement academy board shall develop the program of instruction, learning and performance objectives and standards for training in conjunction with appropriate groups and individuals that have an interest in and expertise regarding high speed pursuits, including law enforcement agencies, law enforcement academy instructors, experts on the subject and members of the public.

E. In-service law enforcement training, as required pursuant to Section 29-7-7.1 NMSA 1978, shall include at least eight hours of instruction that conform with the requirements set forth in Subsection C of this section.

F. Each certified regional law enforcement training facility shall incorporate into its basic law enforcement training and in-service law enforcement training a course of training in the safe initiation and conduct of high speed pursuits that is comparable to or exceeds the standards of the course of instruction developed by the New Mexico law enforcement academy board.

Section 4. [NEW MATERIAL] PURSUIT POLICIES.--

A. The chief law enforcement officer of every state, county and municipal law enforcement agency shall establish and enforce a written policy governing the conduct of law enforcement officers employed by the agency who are involved in high speed pursuits. A copy of the written policy shall be submitted to the director of the New Mexico law enforcement academy and the traffic safety bureau of the state highway and transportation department.

B. The policy shall specify, at a minimum:

(1) the conditions under which a law enforcement officer may engage in a high speed pursuit and the conditions when the officer shall terminate a high speed pursuit;

(2) measures other than a high speed pursuit that may be employed to apprehend a suspect in a fleeing motor vehicle or to impede the movement of the vehicle;

(3) the coordination and responsibility, including control over the high speed pursuit, of supervisory personnel and the law enforcement officers engaged in the pursuit; and

(4) the procedures to be followed to notify and coordinate high speed pursuits with law enforcement agencies in other jurisdictions, including tribal jurisdictions.

C. The written policy shall, at a minimum, require that:

(1) a law enforcement officer may initiate a high speed pursuit to apprehend a suspect who the officer has reasonable grounds to believe poses a clear and immediate threat of death or serious injury to others or who the officer has probable cause to believe poses a clear and immediate threat to the safety of others that is ongoing and that existed prior to the high speed pursuit;

(2) a law enforcement officer shall not initiate or continue a high speed pursuit when the immediate danger to the officer and the public created by the high speed pursuit exceeds the immediate danger to the public if the occupants of the motor vehicle being pursued remain at large;

(3) when deciding whether to initiate or continue a high speed pursuit, the following factors, at a minimum, shall be taken into consideration:

(a) the seriousness of the offense for which the high speed pursuit was initiated;

(b) whether a suspect poses a clear and immediate threat of death or serious injury to others;

(c) road, weather, environmental and vehicle conditions;

(d) the amount of motor vehicle and pedestrian traffic; and

(e) knowledge of the suspect's identity, possible destination and previous activities that may make apprehension at a later time feasible; and

(4) no more than two law enforcement vehicles shall become actively involved in a high speed pursuit, unless specifically authorized by a supervisor.

Section 5. A new section of the Criminal Code is enacted to read:

"[NEW MATERIAL] AGGRAVATED FLEEING A LAW ENFORCEMENT OFFICER.--

A. Aggravated fleeing a law enforcement officer consists of a person willfully and carelessly driving his vehicle in a manner that endangers the life of another person after being given a visual or audible signal to stop, whether by hand, voice, emergency light, flashing light, siren or other signal, by a uniformed law enforcement officer in an appropriately marked law enforcement vehicle in pursuit in accordance with the provisions of the Law Enforcement Safe Pursuit Act.

B. Whoever commits aggravated fleeing a law enforcement officer is guilty of a fourth degree felony."

Section 6. EFFECTIVE DATE.--The effective date of the provisions of this act is July 1, 2003.